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The PAN and BE bills on the recreational use of cannabis, discussed in the parliament on Thursday, intend to make Portugal the third country with legislation passed in that direction, after Uruguay and Canada.
Although the use of recreational cannabis is tolerated in several countries, and the cultivation of plants is allowed in others, if the projects are approved, Portugal will have legislation similar to that of the states.
The promoters of the laws also point out, in the preamble of the initiatives, that Uruguay was the first country in the world to legalize the production, distribution and use of cannabis for non-medical purposes, followed last October by the Canada, which legalized the drug for recreational purposes 18 years after it became legal for medical purposes.
In the United States, several states have also legalized cannabis for recreational purposes, such as the states of Colorado, Washington, Oregon, Alaska, California, Maine, Massachusetts, and Nevada.
With the legalization in these states, consumption has decreased or decreased, the charges for justice and the fight against drugs have fallen, opium death and overdoses have decreased and tax revenues have increased, say the parties, according to which the law will have similar consequences in Portugal.
The recreational use of cannabis is also tolerated in so-called "coffee shops" in the Netherlands (consumption is not legalized contrary to what is commonly thought), it is allowed in Jamaica for people belonging to the Rastafarian movement, and in Spain it is consumed legally through associations and in specific places.
Consumption, which in Portugal has been decriminalized since 2001, is also tolerated in many other countries, both due to the dubious legislation and the failure to comply with these laws.
According to information in various media, an example of this is what happens in countries such as Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Australia or Cambodia.
Self-cultivation, which is planned in Uruguay and Canada (up to six plants or up to four plants, respectively) and in Portuguese invoices up to five plants (BE) or six (PAN), is also permitted in the countries and in specific circumstances, such as Spain or Jamaica, Colombia or Chile.
Cannabis for medicinal use is allowed in about three dozen countries, from Portugal, with the approval of the law on June 15th (promulgated by the president on July 10th), also on the initiative of the Left-wing and the animal-nature .
Therapeutic cannabis is essentially permitted in European countries, followed by South Americans, some states in the United States and Canada. Just over two months ago it was also allowed in the United Kingdom. In October, when the measure was announced, the government emphasized that this does not open the way to legalization of cannabis for recreational use.
The medical interest in cannabis has come in the 90s when a compound was discovered in the drug analogous to that produced by the body, and gained momentum when dozens of studies have associated benefits in treating cases of epilepsy, chronic pain, muscle spasms associated with multiple sclerosis, or nausea and vomiting of patients undergoing anticancer treatment.
Yet according to Amnesty International, more than 30 countries condemn people to death for drug-related offenses, either through trafficking or even possession of a small amount of marijuana. China, Indonesia, Iran or Malaysia are just a few examples. In Malaysia, possession of 200 grams of cannabis is a death sentence.
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