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The study, published in the journal Fluid physics , Correlations between people’s physiological characteristics and the extent to which sneezing droplets are transmitted and remain in the air. Using computer-generated models, scientists simulated sneezing in different types of people and identified biological characteristics that could make a person a super-spreader of viruses such as the new coronavirus it causes. Crown.
Characteristics of the person spreading the virus
Exposure to respiratory droplets of the affected individual
According to scientists from the University of Central Florida (UCFIn the United States, some problems, such as a stuffy nose, can increase the likelihood of viruses spreading by affecting the extent to which droplets are transmitted when they sneeze.
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have indicated Center for Disease Prevention and ControlPreviously, the main way people became infected with the new Coronavirus was by exposure to respiratory droplets, such as sneezing and coughing, which carry the infectious virus.
Factors affecting the distance traveled by respiratory droplets
The study co-author said that knowing better the factors that influence the extent to which these droplets can be transmitted in efforts to control their spread.
He added: “We show that the human body has influences, such as the complex airway system associated with nasal flow that actually interrupts the plane of the mouth and prevents it from dispersing droplets over long distances.”
The researchers said that when a person has a clear nose, the speed and distance of the sneezing droplets decreases, and vice versa when the nose is congested, the area from which the sneeze can come out is narrowed, causing the droplets to sneeze. are expelled from the mouth to increase the speed.
In the research, scientists used 3D modeling and numerical simulation to recreate 4 types of mouth and nose: someone with clear teeth and nose, someone without teeth and clear nose, someone without teeth and congested nose, and someone with congested teeth and nose. .
When they simulated sneezing in the various models, they found that the spray distance of the droplets expelled when a person had a congested nose and full set of teeth was 60% more than when they did not.
The results revealed that when someone kept their nose clean, such as blowing it into a handkerchief, they could reduce the distance traveled by germs.
The results show that exposure levels are highly dependent on fluid dynamics which can vary across many human traits, and such traits may be key factors driving overpayment events in a pandemic. Crown“.
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