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Itching and coughing in the throat, headache, discharge from the nose… A year ago we wouldn’t have worried about such mild pains or a mild cold, maybe we didn’t even think about it.
In the autumn of 2020 the situation is very different. Sneezing only once causes questions like “Where have I been recently, how close was I to people, what have I touched? Can I smell and taste? It’s like I’m short of breath …”
Researchers and doctors, who are constantly dealing with these thoughts, are also trying to find the most accurate of the many symptoms thought to show the Covid-19 trace.
Deutsche Welle TürkçeResearchers at the Medical University of Vienna have at least managed to put the long list of coronavirus symptoms in order. The scientists in question revealed that there are seven different symptoms related to the Covid-19 disease process, which follows a relatively mild course, published in the medical journal Allergy.
The main focus of the research was to understand how good immunity is after a coronavirus infection and how this can be measured. For this, the researchers, who met with immunologist Winfried Pickl and allergist Rudolf Valenta, examined 109 people who had survived the Covid-19 disease and entered the recovery process and 98 people who had completely recovered. restored and tested their blood.
GROUP OF SEVEN COVID-19 RELATED SYMPTOMS
Based on the data obtained, the scientists determined that the different symptoms are related to each other in Covid-19 disease and are seen in symptom groups. The seven groups of symptoms that emerged in the study consisted of:
1. Flu symptoms (fever, chills, weakness and cough)
2. Flu symptoms (runny nose, sneezing, dry throat and nasal congestion)
3) Muscle and joint pain
4. Inflammation of the eyes and mucous membranes
5. Lung disorders (lung inflammation and shortness of breath)
6. Gastrointestinal problems (diarrhea, nausea and headache)
7. Loss of smell and taste and other symptoms
“People who lose their sense of taste and smell are mostly young people with immune systems,” Winfried Pickl, an immunologist in charge of the study, told DW in his evaluation. However, the term “young” here is not about the age of the patient, but how young are the T cells (immune cells) produced by the thymus.
Pickl says the research “clearly shows that the systemic process (e.g. 1st and 3rd groups) and the organic process (e.g. 6th and 7th groups) are separate from each other in Covid-19 disease. ‘ .
Pointing out that this finding does not mean that there will be no overlap between symptom groups, Pickl also states that there is a link between some groups in terms of immune parameters.
Consequently, a high fever Covid-19 process is related to the body’s immune memory, providing a relatively longer immune period. The disease process, in which the sense of taste and smell is lost, is also related to an above-average production of T cells.
COVID-19: THE BLOOD FOOTPRINT
In short, scientists have managed to reach some important discoveries about Covid-19 following blood tests. One of these is the change that Covid-19 created in the immune system ten weeks after overcoming the disease, in other words, the fingerprint left in the patient’s blood.
For example, the rate of granulocytes (types of cells that make up a part of white blood cells) that fight viruses that cause bacterial diseases in the immune system is lower in Covid-19. Pickl said this was a “surprising and completely new” discovery.
“On the other hand, the CD4 and CD8 immune cells create a memory and the CD8 T cells are also strongly active. This indicates that the immune system is fighting the disease strongly even weeks after infection,” said Pickl, a survivor of the COVID-19. He said the long-term weakness seen in many patients could be related to this. Pickl noted that blood tests also determined that regulatory T lymphocytes were very low and that this meant a dangerous mixture that could cause autoimmune diseases.
HIGH FIRE IMMUNITY
Stating that immune cells that produce too many antibodies have also been detected in the blood of people who have fully survived the disease, Winfried Pickl said that the higher a patient’s fever during the disease process, the stronger immunity was observed. against the coronavirus.
“The information we got is important in terms of understanding the disease and because it offers us biological signs that promise a lot, so we can develop a possible vaccine because we can better monitor the disease,” Pickl said. “We now know that B cells and T are very important when evaluating vaccines, each will be a parameter.
Emphasizing that one of the most important discoveries of the research in question is the understanding that the immune system in the human body is in the fight against a disease, antibodies and immune cells enter at the level of each other, as in the defenses of the teams of calcium, Pickl said immune cells can keep certain moves of the virus in its memory and react accordingly. declared.
Pickl said what needs to be done now is to use the information gained in treating patients and developing a possible vaccine.
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