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Eduardo Najar
Latin Agency for News Medicine and Public Health
Thanks to advances in cancer medicine, it is possible to establish the specific origins and influence of factors in the development of cancer
There are multiple reasons or risk factors that can favor the development of cancer, many of these are based on some eating habits or behaviors that can favor the origin of cancer cells, however, one of the main reasons why cancer is Manifest is a genetic mutation or anomaly suffered by an individual, this neoplasm can originate in various ways, either from a genetic alteration or from a gene shared by the parents.
In an interview with the Journal of Medicine and Public Health (MSP), Dr. Sergio Torres Bayona, neurosurgeon and researcher of glioblastoma multiforme and winner of the award for the best young neurosurgeon of the year, points out in his study and discovery of the genes that involve tumor development in the brain and influence of RNA in the formation of long chains in the absence of protein and gene coding.
“It has been known for several years that cancer is a genetic disease, but despite this not all the genes involved are well known, nor is the type of alteration known and which causes a normal cell to become malignant. When I started in neurosurgery, I has always liked the topic of research and oncology, as it is an enigma that has yet to be explored, ”said the doctor.
The investigation was initiated by Dr. Torres Bayona about a year and three months ago, where he focused on: the study of new genes called long RNA chains that do not synthesize or encode proteins, but epigenetically regulate the functioning of the genetic material involved in the formation and growth of tumors, the specialist stated preliminarily.
Investigative beginnings
Since he began his studies, Dr. Sergio Torres has been part of a research group, which emphasizes the origin of a chronic tumor disease, specifically glioblastoma multiforme, a tumor that originates in the brain area and it can be fatal because survival rates for this condition are minimal.
“Since I started my first year of specialization where I was doing my specialization, I have started to investigate glioblastoma multiforme, a not very frequent malignant tumor, mortality is almost 100% and an average survival of about 16 months. Through the study of other genes, I started my research, took material from a pancreatic tumor and little by little with the team we discovered that in the end it is a gene that when altered is done on an epigenetic level and also acts as a suppressor agent. of the tumor, ”Torres Bayona said.
RNA and its influence on the tumor
Thanks to the advances of Dr. Torres’ research body, it has been possible to demonstrate that when the indices of some already validated genomes that are cancer drivers are reduced, it has been discovered that other genetic material belonging to the same family may be the cause of the However, malignant tumor in the brain area cannot be said to be a risk factor, but there is a predisposition in the formation and growth of tumors.
“RNA is a type of gene that carries information from the DNA to the ribosome so that proteins are produced, which are the ones that perform the function in the DNA, we found that these chains do not become proteins, but epigenetically regulate the DNA, They do not travel towards the ribosome, but rather, within the same nucleus they synthesize its function, when we saw that the glioblastoma cells were less expressed we were a bit curious, however in this pathology there were already other cancer genes such as P53 or SOX , these were discovered in the study of the cancer genome atlas; through transfection we deduced that by reducing the RNA chains, P53 and genes of the SOX family are reduced, which can cause the formation of tumors ”concludes Dr. Sergio Torres Bayona.
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