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HIV is a virus that damages the immune system. Untreated HIV affects cells CD4 And it kills it, a type of immune cell called the T cell. HIV is transmitted through body fluids which include “blood, semen, vaginal and rectal fluids, breast milk.”
Coinciding with World AIDS Day, the seventh day provides everything you need to know about AIDS, according to the site health line
Q: What is AIDS?
AIDS is a disease that can affect people with HIV and is the most advanced stage of HIV, but just because a person is infected with HIV doesn’t mean AIDS will develop..
This makes a person with AIDS susceptible to a wide range of diseases, including “pneumonia, tuberculosis, oral thrush, a fungal condition in the mouth or throat, CMV). (CMV) “A type of herpes virus, cryptococcal meningitis, a fungal condition in the brain, toxoplasmosis, a brain condition caused by a parasite.”
Q: How is the infection transmitted?
Some of the ways HIV is transmitted from person to person include the following:
1: It is through sex that is the most common method of transmission.
2: Sharing needles, syringes and other things to inject drugs.
3: Sharing the tattoo equipment without sterilizing it between uses.
4: During pregnancy, labor or delivery from a pregnant woman to her baby.
5: While breastfeeding.
6: “Fermenting” or chewing a child’s food before giving it to him.
7: Through exposure to blood, semen, vaginal and rectal fluids, and breast milk of a person with HIV, such as through a needle
The virus can also be transmitted through blood transfusions or organ and tissue transplants. However, rigorous HIV testing of blood, organ and tissue donors ensures this is very rare in the United States..
Q: What are the causes of AIDS?
AIDS is caused by HIV, not everyone can get AIDS if they are not infected with HIV. ، Healthy individuals have a number CD4 From 500 to 1,500 per cubic millimeter, without treatment, HIV continues to multiply and destroy cells CD4. If the number of cells decreases CD4 A person has about 200, which means he has AIDS.
Also, if a person with HIV develops an HIV-associated opportunistic infection, they can still be diagnosed with AIDS, even if the number of cells CD4 His is over 200.
Q: What tests are used to diagnose HIV?
Different tests can be used to diagnose HIV, and health care professionals determine which test is best for each person.
Antibody / antigen tests are the most commonly used tests. Positive results can usually appear within 18 to 45 days after a person is initially infected with HIV.
These tests check for the presence of antibodies and antigens in the blood. An antibody is a type of protein produced by the body in response to infection. On the other hand, an antigen is the part of the virus that activates the immune system.
These tests only check the blood for antibodies. Between 23 and 90 days after transmission, most people will develop detectable HIV antibodies, which can be found in their blood or saliva..
These tests are done using blood tests or oral swabs and are not required to be prepared. Some tests provide results in 30 minutes or less and can be done in a healthcare practitioner’s office or clinic.
Q: What are the symptoms of AIDS and HIV?
The first few weeks after a person is infected with HIV are called the acute infection stage, during this time the virus replicates rapidly. A person’s immune system responds by making HIV antibodies, which are proteins that act to respond to infections.
During this stage, some people initially have no symptoms. However, many people experience symptoms in the first month or so after contracting the virus, but are often unaware that HIV is the cause of these symptoms..
This is because the symptoms of the acute phase can be very similar to the symptoms of the flu or other seasonal viruses, such as:
It can be mild to severe
It can last from a few days to several weeks
Early symptoms of HIV can include:
Temperature
thrill
Enlarged lymph nodes
General aches and pains
Rash
Burning throat
Headache
nausea
Anxious stomach
Since these symptoms are similar to common illnesses such as the flu, a person with them may not think they need to see a doctor.
Even if they do, a healthcare provider may suspect the flu or mononucleosis and may not even think about HIV..
Regardless of whether a person has symptoms or not, the viral load during this period is very high. Viral load is the amount of HIV present in the bloodstream.
A high viral load means that HIV can easily be passed on to another person during this time. The initial symptoms of HIV usually resolve within a few months as the person enters the chronic or clinical latency phase of HIV. This stage can last for many years or even decades with treatment.
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